![]() To explain this pattern, one hypothesis suggests tyrannosaurins dispersed into Asia via Beringia, followed by back-dispersal of Tyrannosaurini into Laramidia in the late Maastrichtian 9, 10, 11. No close relatives have been reported from North America prior to this time. Tyrannosaurus rex appeared suddenly in the latest Maastrichtian 3, 7. The origins of the Tyrannosaurus lineage, Tyrannosaurini, are unknown. rex was the largest terrestrial predator of its time, and perhaps of all time. Growing to 12 m long and ~ 10 tons in weight 8, T. rex, characterized by a robust skeleton and powerful, bone-crushing jaws 6, was the dominant carnivore in the late Maastrichtian of western North America 3, 7. Evolving from small-bodied ancestors in the mid-Cretaceous, tyrannosaurids became apex predators in the latest Cretaceous, and finally saw the appearance of Tyrannosaurus rex 4, 5. Tyrannosaurids were the dominant predators in North America and Asia during the Late Cretaceous 1, 2, 3. ![]()
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